Wednesday 31 August 2011

World's most expensive mobiles


iPhone 4 Diamond Rose($8 million):-If you thought his iPhone 3GS Supreme was impressive, check out the latest iPhone from Stuart Hughes–the iPhone 4 Diamond Rose Edition. Hughes has recreated the infamous antenna band that wraps around the sides of the latest iPhone, as well as the backplate, using rose gold. The band is adorned with 100 carats of flawless diamonds, and the Apple logo is formed with fifty-three more diamonds. Once again, the home button gets the most love–it’s made of platinum and features a rare 7.4-carat pink diamond.

The phone comes in an imperial pink 7-kilogram chest cut from a single block of granite and lined with nubuck top-grain leather. It also comes with an 8-carat flawless diamond that can be used in place of the pink one.
World's Most Expensive iPhones - iPhone 4 Diamond Rose Edition




Goldstriker iPhone Supreme ($3.12Million):- World’s most expensive mobile is unveiled by a British company on November 2009. It is a  gold iPhone which is encrusted with nearly 200 diamonds. The casing of the exclusive iPhone 3GS Supreme is created using 271 grams of 22 carat solid gold.
The front bezel houses 136 flawless diamonds totaling a massive 68 carats while the Apple logo on the back is made from a further 53 gems.  The front navigation button is made from a single diamond of more than seven carats.
Designer Stuart Hughes, from Liverpool, Merseyside, took ten months to make the phone after it was commissioned by an anonymous Australian businessman. The phone comes in a special 7kg chest made from a single block of granite and Kashmir gold with a Nubuck leather lining.







Peter Aloisson’s Kings Button iPhone($2.4 million):- The Kings Button iPhone is, surprisingly, a jewel-bedecked iPhone. This time, however, Aloisson had the iPhone 3G to play with—and, apparently, a bit of a bigger budget. One hundred and thirty-eight brilliant-cut diamonds line the sides of the phone, but the real prize is the home button—a rare 6.6 carat white diamond.




GoldVish LeMillion($1.3Million):- This GoldVish phone is the second most expensive in the world with a price of $1.45 million. The odd-shaped device is made out of 18-carat white gold and features 1,800 diamonds totaling 120 carats.
A Russian businessman bought Le Million for his wife last September at a luxury goods fair in Cannes, France.



World’s most expensive cell phone

Sunday 28 August 2011

In 2020 we can wear sony computers on our wrist









 Our present need for internet connectivity is so profound that secondary devices like the 
Nextep Computer are bound to happen. Developed to be worn as a bracelet, this computer concept is constructed out of a flexible OLED touch screen.


















Ear marked for the year 2020,
features like a holographic projector (for screen), pull-out extra keyboard panels and
social networking compatibility, make the concept plausible. 

Monday 22 August 2011

5 Options for higher education after engineering


The option for higher studies is different for people enrolled in different courses. In this post the higher studies options generally available to a B.Tech graduate are covered.

After graduations the next step is getting a masters degree like M.tech, MBA or M.S. and after that if one is still enthusiastic, then they can go for a Ph.D. Lets discuss each option one by one.


1. Masters in Technology (M.Tech)
There are two ways possible. Either go for an Indian university like IITs, IISc or go to foreign university. In USA the equivalent degree is M.S, which will be discussed in a separate tab. For M.Tech one needs to appear for GATE (Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering).


Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE)
It is jointly conducted by IISC and seven IIT and is considered to be a benchmark test for engineering graduates. Each year one IIT take the responsibility of conducting the exam on rotation basis. The scores are only for application to graduate programs in engineering disciplines in India. Any candidate who has cleared her bachelors or masters or is in the final year of her respective course is eligible for GATE.


For last year(2009) the examination consisted of a single paper of 3 hours duration, containing 65 questions carrying a maximum of 100 marks. The syllabus is typically related to the engineering course for which one applies. Some PSUs like BARC, NPIL and HAL give preference to GATE scores, so apart from being a ticket to higher education, it is also helpful in landing up at that dream job.


2. Master of Science (MS)
USA has been a preferred destination for Indian engineers for the past several years and Indians continuously form the largest chunk of foreign students in USA. To get admission in a foreign university for MS, one needs to appear for Graduate Record Examination or GRE.


Graduate Record Examination (GRE)
It is an admission requirement for many graduate schools in USA and in other English-speaking countries. It is a computer-based test measuring verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, critical thinking, and analytical writing skills that have been acquired over a long period of time and that are not related to any specific field of study. Unlike GATE, there is no cut-off line for GRE and the admission score varies from one university to other. After appearing for GRE, one needs to apply to the universities of his choice. As applying to each university is very costly affair, hence selection of universities is an equally important activity. The selection should be based on realistic assessment of one’s abilities and GRE score.


For scholarships many universities also consider the research work that a candidate has undertaken previously. Combining this with the GRE score, they give an admission offer to a candidate.


3. Master of Business Administration (MBA)
Again like M.Tech one has many options. In fact the options are much more here, owing to the presence of a large number of good private colleges. First we will discuss about the options available in India. For admission to Indian institutes there are many exams like CAT, MAT, XAT, apart from separate exams conducted by some universities like FMS.


Common Admission Test (CAT)
It is conducted by IIMs on an all-India basis and is basically used for admission to IIMs. There are other colleges as well, which use CAT score for granting admissions. Post 2009, the pattern has moved from offline to online mode and has seen a change in pattern as well. With the increase in number of IIM and increase in number of seats in each IIM, it has become an attractive option. What works against it is the exorbitant fees being charged by the IIMs.


Management aptitude test (MAT)
It is the smaller, less popular and less efficient brother of CAT. Its score is applicable to basically every other college that is not covered under CAT.


XAT, FMS
Some other colleges like XLRI Jamshedpur, XLRI Bhubaneswar and FMS New Delhi conduct their own admission test and a student need to appear in these exams to be eligible for these institutes.


For an average student, who does not want to take chances, the total cost of applying to some of the top institute can vary from Rs. 15000 to Rs. 20000.


Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT)
It is a computer-adaptive standardized test in mathematics and the English language for measuring aptitude to succeed academically in graduate business studies. Business schools commonly use the test as one of many selection criteria for admission into graduate business administration programs (e.g. MBA, Master of Accountancy, etc.) principally in the United States, but also in other English-speaking countries.


Similar to GRE, based upon preference, score and capability, one needs to apply to institutes separately. So the selection of institutes is very important. Most good universities give a lot of weight to work experience (unlike Indian institutes). Thus a similar score can land you in different university based upon your work experience. A GMAT score is valid for five years, so you can take the exam during your student days (when your mind is really sharp) and then apply for schools after three years ( with proper work experience).


To select a B-school one can have a look at the last year average and median score, which is published by most of the schools.


Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL)
It evaluates the ability of an individual to use and understand English in an academic setting. It sometimes is an admission requirement for non-native English speakers at many English-speaking colleges and universities. So it is an advantage if you have taken TOEFL along with GRE/GMAT. Sometimes some universities demand this score if you are a foreign student (as in the case of Indian student). The test consists of reading, listening, speaking and writing section. The minimum score may vary from one school to other, with Harvard and MIT demanding a score of 100.


Unlike other exams it can be taken any number of times, to improve upon the previous score and the score is valid for two years. Colleges consider the most recent TOEFL score as a parameter.


International English Language Testing System (IELTS)
It is an international standardized test of English language proficiency. It is jointly managed by University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, the British Council and IDP Education Pty Ltd, and was established in 1989. For applying to any British university IELTS score is generally a precondition. The structure is similar to TOEFL and both the scores can be used interchangeably. Again similar to TOEFL the requirements for each university vary with Oxford demanding a score of 7.0 and Essex University demanding a score of 5.5. The score is valid for two years. For information into IELTS and application procedure, one can directly walk into any British Council situated all across India and get the application form.


4. Civil Services Examination
The Civil Services Examination is used for recruitment for many Indian administrative bodies. It has three stages – Civil Services Aptitude test (CSAT), a main exam, and an interview – and is known for being extremely challenging. With the introduction of CSAT, a form costing less than Rupees 100, and the introduction of sixth pay-commission, appearing for IAS was never so lucrative for an engineer. The CSAT will consist logic based objective type questions, which should be an advantage for engineers.


5. Indian Engineering Services
Indian Engineering Services (IES/ES) are the Technical Services that meet the technical and managerial functions of the Government of India. A combined competitive examination is conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC); for recruitment to the Indian Engineering Services (IES) in the month of June.

Sunday 21 August 2011

MOTOROLA RECHARGEABLE DIGITAL VIDEO BABY MONITOR


The Motorola Digital Video baby monitor has a fairly average price tag and boasts a 2.4” screen in a compact and a portable design. The monitor features infrared night vision, which allows for excellent viewing, even in the dark.
The rechargeable Motorola Digital Video baby monitor has up to 3.5 hours of battery life. This is long enough for most baby naps. There is an alarm which beeps to let you know that the unit needs to be recharged. The monitor is lightweight, and fits into most pockets, making it an ideal monitor for those who need portability.
The Motorola Digital Video Baby Monitor also features 2-way communication. This allows a parent to sing or talk to an infant to soothe them back to sleep from their own room.
Toddlers enjoy the comfort of knowing that they can communicate to mom or dad if they need something. Parents can also tell the little one to go back to bed, if he/she starts to wander out of the room.
The camera is designed to be mounted on the wall over the crib or next to the bed. This keeps it out of the way, while providing a bird’s eye view of your baby or toddler.

SPECIFICATIONS:
  • High resolution 2.4 diagonal color display
  • Digital wireless technology
  • Enhanced infrared night vision
  • 2-way communication
  • Portable and rechargable parent unit
  • up to 3.5 hours wireless monitoring
  • Reminder alarm
  • Adjust and pan camera monitors where you want it
  • Wi-Fi friendly won’t interfere with your home network and won’t be interfered with 2–way communication.

Study MS in abroad

MS from US is becoming increasingly popular for Indian students. With increased awareness about the study abroad scholarships and loans, candidates are exploring options of top MBA & MS colleges from abroad.



A master's from US top universities is luring the candidates with not just high standards of education and internationally accepted degrees, but also with their cultural diversity and global employment opportunities.



Top universities in the world :


  • Harvard University, Cambridge
Harvard University is rated as number one university in the world rankings. Harvard is the oldest American institution of higher education, which was founded 140 years before the Declaration of Independence was signed. The University has grown from nine students with a single master to Sign In more than 18,000 degree candidates, including students and students in 10 principal academic units. An additional 13,000 students are enrolled in one or more programs at the Harvard Extension School. More than 14,000 people work at Harvard, including more than 2,000 faculty. There is also a faculty of 7000 teaching appointment at affiliated hospitals.




HISTORY OF HARVARD COLLEGE

Harvard was founded in 1636 by vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and named for its first donor, the Reverend John Harvard, who left his personal library and half his estate to the new institution. Although nothing remains of its earliest buildings, brass markers in the middle of Massachusetts Avenue now indicate where the Goffe and Peyntree Houses once stood. The charter granted to Harvard by the Colony in 1650, with amendments and John Adams’s further definition in the fifth chapter of the Massachusetts Constitution of 1780, is the authority under which the University of today operates.

The Early Centuries :

For its first two hundred years Harvard College followed a set curriculum consistent with the instructional style of the period. It emphasized rhetorical principles, rote learning, and constant drilling. The faculty was very small, yet already distinguished. John Winthrop (AB 1732), who held the Hollis Professorship and taught mathematics and natural philosophy from 1738 to 1779, was in the colonial era one of America’s greatest men of science.


Harvard’s oldest buildings date from the eighteenth century. Massachusetts Hall (1720),Wadsworth House (1726), and Holden Chapel (1744) are the earliest. Hollis Hall has been a dormitory since it was built in 1763. Harvard Hall (1766) stands on the site of a seventeenthcentury building of the same name. It burned down one wintry night in 1764, destroying the 5,000-volume college library (then the largest in North America), and the scientific laboratory and apparatus. Old Stoughton College suffered so much damage from occupation by Continental troops during the Revolution that it had to be torn down in 1781. A new Stoughton Hall (1805), Holworthy Hall (1812), and University Hall (1815) form the outline of the original Yard.

Established to provide a learned ministry to the colonies, Harvard only later created graduate programs beginning with medical studies in 1782; law and divinity did not become graduate
departments until 1816 and 1817, respectively. Even so, the College did not take on the aspect
of a true university until mid-century, when a library building (1841), an observatory (1846),
a scientific school (1847), a chemistry laboratory (1857), and a natural history museum (1860)
were built.

Harvard Today :

Today Harvard comprises a Faculty of Arts and Sciences, including Harvard College and
the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. There are eight other faculties: Business Administration, Design, Divinity, Education, Government, Law, Medicine (including Dental Medicine),
and Public Health; and the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study. Its total campus area occupies about 500 acres, concentrated in Cambridge and Boston. Its faculty and staff number about
20,000 individuals, many of them part-time. The University has a regular enrollment of 17,000
plus some 30,000 other students who take credit courses, non-credit courses, and seminars in
University Extension, the Summer School, and other programs in continuing education.





Benefits :


One of the big advantages for graduate students at Cambridge is that you are not only a member of the University, you are also a member of a college. The collegiate nature of the University gives you an environment in which you can meet people from other disciplines and participate in a wide variety of cultural, sporting and social activities. The contact you have with college staff and fellow students provides an excellent opportunity for broadening your interests and horizons, getting involved in University life, and making new friends. It also significantly increases the opportunities for multidisciplinary interaction with research students and members of staff in other departments, often on an informal basis.


Research students may have the opportunity to gain supervising and demonstrating experience by undertaking teaching on behalf of colleges and departments. Supervisions involve the teaching of undergraduates in small groups of between one and four students at regular intervals throughout the term.

  • University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
Cambridge University rated the second best in the World University rankings. University of Cambridge is one of the world's oldest university and one of the largest in the UK. Its reputation for outstanding academic achievement is known worldwide and reflects the intellectual achievement of students, as well as world-class original research carried out by staff of the University and Colleges.His reputation is supported by the Quality Assurance Agency and by other external reviewers of teaching and learning, such as External Examiners. That high standards are the result of both learning opportunities offered in Cambridge and extensive resources, including libraries, museums and other collections. Teaching consists not only of lectures, seminars and practical classes led by people who are experts in their world, but also more personal teaching arranged through the Colleges. Many opportunities for students to interact with scholars of all levels, both formally and informally.



HISTORY OF CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY



The University of Cambridge is rich in history - its famous Colleges and University buildings attract visitors from all over the world. But the University's museums and collections also hold many treasures which give an exciting insight into some of the scholarly activities, both past and present, of the University's academics and students.

The University of Cambridge is one of the world's oldest universities and leading academic centres, and a self-governed community of scholars. Its reputation for outstanding academic achievement is known world-wide and reflects the intellectual achievement of its students, as well as the world-class original research carried out by the staff of the University and the Colleges.

Many of the University's customs and unusual terminology can be traced to roots in the early years of the University's long history, and this booklet looks to the past to find the origins of much that is distinctive in the University of today.




Benefits :


As a graduate student at Cambridge you will be a member of a world-leading University, with departments internationally renowned for their research and the originality and significance of the work contributed by their academics. You will receive close individual support from an expert in your field - your faculty or department will assign you a personal supervisor whose role is to guide your programme of study or research. The availability of a suitable supervisor is one of the factors a faculty or department takes into account when considering your application.


One of the big advantages for graduate students at Cambridge is that you are not only a member of the University, you are also a member of a college. The collegiate nature of the University gives you an environment in which you can meet people from other disciplines and participate in a wide variety of cultural, sporting and social activities. The contact you have with college staff and fellow students provides an excellent opportunity for broadening your interests and horizons, getting involved in University life, and making new friends. It also significantly increases the opportunities for multidisciplinary interaction with research students and members of staff in other departments, often on an informal basis.


Research students may have the opportunity to gain supervising and demonstrating experience by undertaking teaching on behalf of colleges and departments. Supervisions involve the teaching of undergraduates in small groups of between one and four students at regular intervals throughout the term. Demonstrating involves helping academic staff in running laboratory classes and various teaching exercises such as drawing or computer-aided process engineering. Such experience can be immensely valuable in developing a wide range of transferrable skills which can be important for future career success, whether in academia or in other fields.


More than half of the University's graduate students come from outside the UK. College and Faculty communities are a diverse mix of ethnicities, cultures, beliefs and views. Students should make the most of the opportunity to interact with fellow graduate students from all parts of the world.




  • Yale University, New Haven
Found in 1701, the university is ranked among top 10 for varying disciplines ranging from life and social sciences to arts & humanities. Some of the popular MS programs at the Yale are biomedical, chemical, life sciences, applied physics, etc.



Yale University is rated as the third best university in the World University rankings. Yale University is one of the most famous schools in the United States, with a long history of service and a list of alumni reads like a "Who's Who" of successful people. Yale University is the fulfillment of the European vision of intellectual freedom that serve the community and country. It has been fought throughout history and survived the most devastating disasters such as the American Revolution.Since then, the university has continued to grow and develop into a center of high-quality education that is recognized by the global community. The university is regarded as one of the oldest higher education institution in the United States. The company was founded in 1701 and is a proud member of the prestigious Ivy League.


HISTORY OF YALE UNIVERSITY

Founded in 1701, Yale University, whose central campus is located on 300 acres in New Haven, Connecticut, is the third oldest university in the United States, preceded only by Harvard University and the College of William and Mary. Throughout its more-than-300-year history, every decade has brought new contributions to the school's educational opportunities.

Early Beginnings :

As early as the 1640s, the idea of opening a college was in the works in colonial Connecticut, where a group of clergymen hoped to start a college in New Haven, an institution they hoped would become the beginning of something very close to the kind of liberal education available in Europe. Their hope was that the New World school would be influenced by Old World educational traditions.

1700s

Called at first the Collegiate School, Yale was founded in 1701 in Saybrook, Connecticut. In 1716, the college relocated to New Haven after several other sites were considered and various communities had tried to lure the college their way. Two years later, the college was renamed after Elihu Yale, a rich merchant, made a large donation, including books, to the school. Mid-century, work began on Connecticut Hall, which is today the oldest building in New Haven. In 1779, when the British invaded New Haven because of all the support Yale had provided for the Revolution, the student militia helped defend the city.

1800s

In 1813, the "Medical Institution of Yale College," its fledgling School of Medicine, first offered a course of study, followed in 1822 by the founding of the Divinity School, then the Law School in 1824. The United States' oldest literary review, Yale Literary Magazine, first began publication in 1836; in 1878 the first copy of the Yale Daily News, the country's oldest college newspaper, was printed.

1900s

The Yale Whiffenpoofs, a group of vocalists, was founded in 1909; their tradition continued into this century. In 1914, the largest amphitheater to be built since the Roman Colosseum was built on the Yale campus and named Yale Bowl, and in 1921, Harkness Memorial Tower, the tallest masonry tower in the country at the time, first sent out peals from the 54-bell carillon. During World War II, the campus served as a military training center. In 1969 women began attending Yale.

The 21st Century

In 2001 Yale celebrated its tercentennial; at the time, more than 12,000 students were attending classes at Yale as undergraduates, graduate and professional students, and international students. The campus consists of more than 400 buildings and boasts more than 12 million volumes in its library.


Benefits :


Yale University offers extraordinarily competitive and comprehensive benefits, as part of a long-standing commitment to the health and well-being of its faculty and staff. As the University introduces new benefits and makes changes to existing benefits, we want to ensure that you have the most up-to-date information.





  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
The best among top colleges for engineering & IT around the world, Massachusetts offers MS program in Bioengineering, Biology, Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Operations Research & many more disciplines.

Besides the above mentioned top rankers, other colleges that fall in the category of best 10 universities/colleges for MS in USA are University of Chicago, California Institute of Technology, Princeton University, Columbia University, University of Pennsylvania, Stanford University and Duke University.
                                                                                            



However, the intake of these universities is quite a small number. A number of aspirants have to settle for a lower ranking college as the competition for admission to these very tough. Candidates, who are unable to secure a seat in the best MS institutions, can explore options that offer similar standards of education with cultural diversity & good placement records.


MIT is a leader in science and technology, as well as many other fields, including management, economics, linguistics, political science, and philosophy. Departments and schools of the most famous is the Lincoln Laboratory, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Media Lab, Whitehead Institute and the Sloan School of Management. 59 of current or former members of the MIT community have won the Nobel Prize.


HISTORY OF MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY


The mission of MIT is to advance knowledge and educate students in science, technology, and other areas of scholarship that will best serve the nation and the world in the 21st century.


The Institute is committed to generating, disseminating, and preserving knowledge, and to working with others to bring this knowledge to bear on the world's great challenges. MIT is dedicated to providing its students with an education that combines rigorous academic study and the excitement of discovery with the support and intellectual stimulation of a diverse campus community. We seek to develop in each member of the MIT community the ability and passion to work wisely, creatively, and effectively for the betterment of humankind.  


The Institute admitted its first students in 1865, four years after the approval of its founding charter. The opening marked the culmination of an extended effort by William Barton Rogers, a distinguished natural scientist, to establish a new kind of independent educational institution relevant to an increasingly industrialized America. Rogers stressed the pragmatic and practicable. He believed that professional competence is best fostered by coupling teaching and research and by focusing attention on real-world problems. Toward this end, he pioneered the development of the teaching laboratory.
  



                                                                                                       
MIT today
                                                                              
Today MIT is a world-class educational institution. Teaching and research-with relevance to the practical world as a guiding principle-continue to be its primary purpose. MIT is independent, coeducational, and privately endowed. Its five schools and one college encompass 34 academic departments, divisions, and degree-granting programs, as well as numerous interdisciplinary centers, laboratories, and programs whose work cuts across traditional departmental boundaries.



Spanning five schools — architecture and planning; engineering; humanities, arts, and social sciences; management; and science — and more than 30 departments and programs, an education at MIT covers more than just science and technology.






  • UCL (University College London)
UCL (University College London) ranked the fourth best university in world rankings. UCL is a multidisciplinary university with an international reputation for quality research and teaching across the academic spectrum, with subjects including the sciences, arts, social sciences and biomedicine.In the 2008 Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) rated research universities best UCL in London, and third in the UK as a whole, for the number of shipments that are considered to be the quality leader in the world. The university is situated on a compact site in the heart of London and is surrounded by the greatest concentration of libraries, museums, archives, cultural institutions and professional bodies in Europe.






HISTORY OF UCL


UCL was established in 1826 in order to open up education in England for the first time to students of any race, class or religion. Its founding principles of academic excellence and research aimed at addressing real-world problems, inform the university’s ethos to this day. Browse the slideshow to find out more about some people and events in UCL’s history.



Benefits :


To live in London is to experience one of the great cities of the world. Students at UCL benefit from our location in the centre of the capital, the hub of culture, arts, politics, government, the media, the law and the great financial institutions of the City of London. 

The capital also offers a scene and status unrivalled by any other city. UCL, England’s third oldest university, is at the heart of what has been described as ‘the knowledge capital of the world.

London is an education. The capital is home to over 200 museums (twice as many as Paris or New York), 150 theatres, 34,000 shops, 3,000 parks and open spaces and four UNESCO World Heritage Sites (Kew Gardens, Maritime Greenwich, Tower of London and Westminister Abbey and Palace).
London plays a part in the academic life as well as the social life of being a student at UCL. Surrounded by libraries, archives, galleries and the headquarters of the professional associations, London’s students have access to an unrivalled range of cultural activities and influences.


Yet, for many students considering university in London, worries about the cost of living and studying may deter them from choosing to study here. Although it is a fact that studying in London can be more expensive than in some other parts of the UK, the true picture is often exaggerated.


According to the NatWest Student Living Index (2010), London is the most cost-effective city in which to study in the UK. The research analysed weekly expenditure including rent and living costs against earnings from part-time work. The results found that hard-working and resourceful London students are earning, on average, a massive £5,024 per year - a substantial £167.48 per week.


Above all, when it comes to entering the careers market, London graduates start with a real advantage, with so many of the country’s leading employers in the worlds of law, finance, business, media and communications on their doorstep.





  • Imperial College London
Imperial College London, ranked as the best university in the world. Imperial College London is a world-class university scholarships, education and research in science, engineering and medicine, with particular regard to their application in industry, commerce and health. The College has more than 3,000 academic and research staff and nearly 14,000 students from over 120 different countries.







HISTORY OF IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON


This is the first major history of Imperial College London. This tells the story of a new type of institution that came into being in 1907 with the federation of three older colleges. Imperial College was founded by the state for advanced university-level training in science and technology, and for the promotion of research in support of industry throughout the British Empire.

                                 




True to its name the college built a wide number of Imperial links and was an outward looking institution from the start. Today, in the post-colonial world, it retains its outward-looking stance, both in its many international research connections, and with staff and students coming from around the world. 

Connections to industry and the state remain important. The College is one of Britain's premier research and teaching institutions and now includes medicine alongside science and engineering. This book is an in-depth study of Imperial College; it covers both governance and academic activity within the larger context of political, economic and socio-cultural life in twentieth-century Britain.




  • University of OXFORD, United Kingdom
Oxford University is the oldest English-language colleges located in the city of Oxford, England. [4] The history of this university can be traced at least from the end of the 11th century, although the exact date of its establishment remains unclear. According to legend, after the outbreak of violence between students and townspeople in the year 1209, some Oxford academics fled to the northeast, to the city of Cambridge, and founded the University of Cambridge. Both universities have since been competing with each other, and is the most selective colleges in the United Kingdom.





HISTORY OF OXFORD UNIVERSITY


As the oldest university in the English-speaking world, Oxford is a unique and historic institution. There is no clear date of foundation, but teaching existed at Oxford in some form in 1096 and developed rapidly from 1167, when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris.

In 1188, the historian, Gerald of Wales, gave a public reading to the assembled Oxford dons and in 1190 the arrival of Emo of Friesland, the first known overseas student, set in motion the University's tradition of international scholarly links. By 1201, the University was headed by a magister scolarum Oxonie, on whom the title of Chancellor was conferred in 1214, and in 1231 the masters were recognized as a universitas or corporation.

In the 13th century, rioting between town and gown (townspeople and students) hastened the establishment of primitive halls of residence. These were succeeded by the first of Oxford's colleges, which began as medieval 'halls of residence' or endowed houses under the supervision of a Master. University, Balliol and Merton Colleges, which were established between 1249 and 1264, are the oldest.


Less than a century later, Oxford had achieved eminence above every other seat of learning, and won the praises of popes, kings and sages by virtue of its antiquity, curriculum, doctrine and privileges. In 1355, Edward III paid tribute to the University for its invaluable contribution to learning; he also commented on the services rendered to the state by distinguished Oxford graduates.

From its early days, Oxford was a centre for lively controversy, with scholars involved in religious and political disputes. John Wyclif, a 14th-century Master of Balliol, campaigned for a bible in the vernacular, against the wishes of the papacy. In 1530, Henry VIII forced the University to accept his divorce from Catherine of Aragon, and during the Reformation in the 16th century, the Anglican churchmen Cranmer, Latimer and Ridley were tried for heresy and burnt at the stake in Oxford.

The University was Royalist in the Civil War, and Charles I held a counter-Parliament in Convocation House, and in the late 17th century, the Oxford philosopher John Locke, suspected of treason, was forced to flee the country.


The 18th century, when Oxford was said to have forsaken port for politics, was also an era of scientific discovery and religious revival. Edmund Halley, Professor of Geometry, predicted the return of the comet that bears his name; John and Charles Wesley's prayer meetings laid the foundations of the Methodist Society.

The University assumed a leading role in the Victorian era, especially in religious controversy. From 1833 onwards The Oxford Movement sought to revitalise the Catholic aspects of the Anglican Church. One of its leaders, John Henry Newman, became a Roman Catholic in 1845 and was later made a Cardinal. In 1860 the new University Museum was the scene of a famous debate between Thomas Huxley, champion of evolution, and Bishop Wilberforce.


From 1878, academic halls were established for women and they were admitted to full membership of the University in 1920. Five all-male colleges first admitted women in 1974 and, since then, all colleges have changed their statutes to admit both women and men. St Hilda's College, which was originally for women only, was the last of Oxford's single sex colleges. It has admitted both men and women since 2008.

During the 20th and early 21st centuries, Oxford added to its humanistic core a major new research capacity in the natural and applied sciences, including medicine. In so doing, it has enhanced and strengthened its traditional role as an international focus for learning and a forum for intellectual debate.





  • Princeton University, United States
Princeton University, located in Princeton, New Jersey, is the fourth oldest institution of higher education in the United States. One of the country's leading universities, Princeton has a field of architecture, engineering, and international and public affairs both undergraduate and graduate well-known. Research carried out in many areas, including plasma physics and jet propulsion. The university is associated with Brookhaven National Laboratories.

Library Harvey S. Firestone Library (opened 1948) and the art museum a collection of remarkable. He founded the College of New Jersey in 1746, and originally located in Elizabeth, New Jersey. This school was later moved to Princeton in 1756, still with the name originally. His name was then officially replaced "Princeton University" in 1896.





HISTORY OF PRINCETON UNIVERSITY


For "the Education of Youth in the Learned Languages and in the Liberal Arts and Sciences," the Province of New Jersey granted a charter -- in the name of King George II -- to the College of New Jersey. Dated Oct. 22, 1746, the charter was unique in the Colonies, for it specified that "any Person of any religious Denomination whatsoever" might attend. The College's enrollment totaled 10 young men, who met for classes in the Reverend Jonathan Dickinson's parlor in Elizabeth, N.J. In 1756 the College moved to its new quarters, Nassau Hall, in Princeton.

Early Years in Princeton    



Nassau Hall, named to honor King William III, Prince of Orange (of the House of Nassau), was one of the largest buildings in the Colonies. For nearly half a century it housed the entire College -- classrooms, dormitories, library, chapel, dining room and kitchen. During the American Revolution, it survived occupation by soldiers from both sides and today bears a cannonball scar from the Battle of Princeton (Jan. 3, 1777). The federal government recognized the historical significance of "Old Nassau" by awarding it national landmark status and by issuing an orange and black commemorative three-cent stamp in celebration of its 1956 bicentennial.


In 1780, an amended charter declared that the trustees should no longer swear allegiance to the king of England, and in 1783 the Continental Congress met in Nassau Hall, thus making it the capitol of the United States for a short time. Nine Princeton alumni attended the Constitutional Convention of 1787, more than from any other American or British institution. Not surprisingly, the College's revised charter of 1799 called for the trustees to support the new Constitution of the United States of America.

In the Nation's Service

As part of the sesquicentennial celebrations in 1896, the College of New Jersey changed its name to Princeton University and adopted as an informal motto "Princeton in the nation's service," the title of the keynote speech by Woodrow Wilson, then a faculty member. Six years later Wilson became Princeton's 13th president. During his term of office (1902-10) plans for building the Graduate College were finalized, and what had been the College of New Jersey began to grow into a full-scale university.
As Princeton looked toward expansion, Wilson focused on the quality of the individual teaching and learning experience. He is credited with developing small discussion classes called "preceptorials," which to this day supplement lecture courses in the humanities and social sciences.

The University Expands

Wilson doubled the size of the faculty, created an administrative structure and revised the curriculum to include general studies for freshmen and sophomores and concentrated study for juniors and seniors. He proposed that the undergraduate dormitories be divided into quadrangles or "colleges" in which students would live with resident faculty masters and have their own recreational facilities. A variation on this plan became a reality in 1982 when five residential colleges were organized for freshmen and sophomores. In 2007, the sixth college opened, providing new opportunities for juniors and seniors to stay integrated in an expanded and enhanced residential college system.
In 1996-97, Princeton University celebrated its 250th birthday and reemphasized its historic commitment to civic engagement. At that time, in recognition of the increased outreach of the University and its alumni throughout the world, the informal motto was expanded to include "and in the service of all nations."

Continuing Educational Excellence

From James Madison, class of 1771, through Woodrow Wilson, class of 1879, and continuing today, every Princeton student shares the tradition of educational excellence begun more than 260 years ago. The few books in the Dickinson parlor were the seeds for 70 miles of shelving and more than 7 million volumes in Firestone Library. The original quadrangle -- Nassau Hall, the president’s house and two flanking halls -- has grown into a 500-acre main campus with more than 180 buildings. The campus is constantly evolving -- one of the newest buildings, a science library designed by Frank Gehry, opened in 2008. The "learned languages" -- Latin and Greek -- have been joined by many ancient and modern languages and an array of computer dialects.

Today, more than 1,100 full and part-time faculty members teach at Princeton, forming a single faculty that teaches both undergraduate and graduate students.

Shirley M. Tilghman, a noted molecular biologist, is Princeton's 19th president.
Originally an institution devoted to the education of young men, Princeton became coeducational in 1969. Today, approximately 5,000 undergraduates and 2,500 graduate students are enrolled. Virtually all undergraduates and about two-thirds of graduate students live on campus.
Princeton is one of the smallest of the nation's leading research universities. Its size permits close interaction among students and faculty members in settings ranging from introductory courses to senior theses. An interdisciplinary approach is key to the curriculum at Princeton.

The quality of Princeton's faculty is mirrored by its students, who bring with them the promise of outstanding accomplishment both in and out of the classroom. Here students will have an opportunity to learn from fellow students as well as the faculty in a setting that encourages personal growth, leadership development and long-lasting feelings of community.





Benefits :


Princeton provides a large portfolio of benefits to meet the diverse needs of our faculty and staff members. Information about Princeton's benefit plans has been updated for 2011.

Our comprehensive benefit programs include medical,dental and vision plans; life insurance coverage; flexible spending (expense accounts) and parking and transitprograms; income protection in the event of short and long term disabilities; educational assistance plans for you and your dependents; retirement plans; and group long term care programs.

You can count on support from knowledgeable and responsive HR staff when you have a benefits question or problem. Just call or send us an e-mail. We’re here to help!

While the University intends to continue each of the benefit plans, the University reserves the right to terminate or amend any plan, at any time, and for any reason.